In the previous section, we learnt about various data types in python and respective methods. In this lesson onward we’ll dig into the semantics of the various operators in python. By the end of this section, you will have the detail knowledge about operators in python and their respective functions.
Python Operators
Operators are symbols which are used to perform operations on values and variables. We also define operators in python as the constructs which can manipulate the value of operands. The data items are referred as operands or arguments. We represent operators by keywords or special characters.
- Arithmetic operators
- Comparison operators
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bit wise Operators
- Membership Operators
- Identity Operators
Arithmetic operators
These operators in python are used to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc. Python implements seven basic binary arithmetic operators, two of which can double as unary operators. [ unary operators are those operators which operates on only one operand example: unary plus(+a) ]
| OPERATOR | NAME | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|
| a + b | Addition | Sum of a and b |
| a – b | Subtraction | Difference of a and b |
| a * b | Multiplication | Product of a and b |
| a / b | True division | Quotient of a and b |
| a // b | Floor division | Quotient of a and b, removing fractional parts |
| a % b | Modulus | Remainder after division of a by b |
| a ** b | Exponentiation | a raised to the power of b |
| -a | Negation | The negative of a |
| +a | Unary plus | a unchanged (rarely used) |
EXAMPLES
>>> a = 6
>>> b = 4
>>> print('addition of a & b is ', a+b)
>>> print('subtraction of a & b is ', a-b)
>>> print('multiplication of a & b is ', a*b)
>>> print('division of a & b is ', a/b)
>>> print('Modulus of a & b is ', a%b)
>>> print('Floor division of a & b is ', a//b)
>>> print('b exponent of a ', a**b)
>>> print('negation of a is ', -a)
>>> print('unary plus of is ', +a)OUTPUT
addition of a & b is 10
subtraction of a & b is 2
multiplication of a & b is 24
division of a & b is 1.5
Modulus of a & b is 2
Floor division of a & b is 1
b exponent of a 1296
negation of a is -6
unary plus of is 6The floor division operator was added in Python 3; you should be aware if working in Python 2 that the standard division operator (/)acts like floor division for integers and like true division for floating-point numbers.
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